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Before the development of artificial intelligence (AI), most tasks that required a certain level of intelligence were performed manually by humans or animals. For example, complex calculations were done by hand, language translation was done by bilingual individuals, and decision-making was based on human intuition and experience.

The concept of AI was first introduced in the 1950s by computer scientist John McCarthy, who defined it as "the science and engineering of making intelligent machines". In the decades that followed, researchers from various fields such as computer science, neuroscience, psychology, and engineering worked on developing AI technology.

Early AI systems were rule-based and required human programmers to input a set of rules for the computer to follow. These systems were limited in their capabilities and struggled with tasks that required complex reasoning and learning.

In the 1980s and 1990s, machine learning algorithms were introduced, which allowed AI systems to learn from data and improve their performance over time. This breakthrough led to the development of new AI technologies such as natural language processing, computer vision, and robotics.

Today, AI is used in a wide range of fields including healthcare, finance, transportation, and entertainment. It has the potential to revolutionize industries and improve our daily lives in ways we never thought possible.