What is beryl?

Beryl

Beryl is a mineral composed of beryllium aluminium cyclosilicate with the chemical formula Be₃Al₂(SiO₃)₆. It's known for its variety of gem forms, which are highly prized.

• Composition: Beryl is primarily composed of beryllium, aluminium, silicon, and oxygen. The presence of trace elements can influence its color.

• Crystal Structure: Beryl crystallizes in the hexagonal crystal system, often forming hexagonal prisms.

• Hardness: It has a Mohs hardness of 7.5–8, making it relatively durable.

• Varieties: The different varieties of beryl are primarily distinguished by their color, which is influenced by trace elements:

  • Emerald: Green due to the presence of chromium and/or vanadium.
  • Aquamarine: Blue to blue-green, colored by iron.
  • Morganite: Pink to orange, colored by manganese.
  • Heliodor: Yellow to golden-yellow, colored by iron.
  • Goshenite: Colorless beryl.
  • Red Beryl: Also known as bixbite, is a rare red variety colored by manganese.

• Occurrence: Beryl is found in granite pegmatites, metamorphic rocks, and alluvial deposits. Significant sources include Brazil, Colombia, Russia, and Madagascar.

• Uses: Primarily used as gemstones. Lower quality beryl is a source of beryllium.

• Notable Properties: Beryl can exhibit pleochroism (different colors when viewed from different angles) and may contain inclusions.