What is duncker?

Duncker is a cognitive bias that refers to the tendency to think of objects only in terms of their typical function. This bias was first identified and described by Gestalt psychologist Karl Duncker in the 1930s. Duncker's research showed that people were often unable to think of alternative uses for an object when it was presented in its typical context or setting.

For example, when presented with a candle, people tended to see it only as a source of light and heat, rather than considering other potential uses such as using it as a weight or to hold something in place. Duncker's research suggested that people's tendency to think of objects in this way was due to their mental schemas, which are preconceptions about how things work and how they should be used.

The concept of duncker has important implications for problem-solving and creativity. By recognizing and overcoming this bias, individuals can become more flexible in their thinking and better able to generate novel solutions to problems. Techniques such as brainstorming and lateral thinking encourage individuals to think of multiple possible uses for an object and can help to improve creative thinking skills.