Fano factor is a statistical measure used in the field of neuroscience to quantify the variability of spike trains or neuronal activity. It is defined as the ratio of the variance to the mean of the number of events in a given time frame.
In neuroscience, the spiking activity of neurons is often highly variable, with fluctuations in the number of spikes occurring even in response to the same stimulus. The Fano factor provides a way to quantify this variability and can be used to compare the spiking patterns of different neurons or different experimental conditions.
A Fano factor of 1 indicates that the variability is equal to what would be expected from a Poisson process, while a Fano factor greater than 1 indicates overdispersion (greater variability than expected) and a Fano factor less than 1 indicates underdispersion (less variability than expected).
Overall, the Fano factor is a valuable tool for understanding the temporal dynamics and variability of neural activity, which can help researchers better understand how information is encoded and processed in the brain.
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