What is fealty?

• Definition: Fealty was a solemn oath of loyalty sworn by a vassal to his lord in the feudal system. It formed the cornerstone of the feudal relationship, establishing reciprocal obligations and responsibilities.

• The Oath: The oath of fealty was a formal declaration of allegiance and commitment. It involved specific actions and words, often including kneeling before the lord, placing hands within the lord's hands, and vowing to be his "true and faithful" vassal. The essence of the oath was to promise service, obedience, and loyalty. See also: Definition of Fealty

• Reciprocal Obligations: Fealty was not a one-way street. While the vassal owed service and loyalty, the lord, in turn, had obligations to protect and provide for the vassal. This included granting land (a fief), offering military support, and ensuring justice. A breakdown of these elements shows Reciprocal Obligations in Feudalism.

• Breaking Fealty: Violating the oath of fealty was a grave offense, considered treason. The consequences could include forfeiture of the fief, loss of status, and even death. Actions like betraying the lord, attacking his lands, or failing to provide promised service were all grounds for breaking fealty. More about Breaking Fealty can be found here.

• Homage vs. Fealty: While often used together, there was a subtle difference between homage and fealty. Homage was the act of public acknowledgment of being a vassal, while fealty was the sworn oath of loyalty. The combined act of homage and fealty cemented the feudal bond. The relationship between Homage and Fealty is important to understand.