What is gambeson?

A gambeson (also known as an aketon, padded jack, or arming doublet) was a padded defensive jacket, usually constructed from layers of linen or wool. It served as crucial body%20armour, primarily worn underneath plate armor to provide cushioning and prevent chafing. However, a gambeson could also be worn alone as a lighter, more affordable form of protection, especially by poorer soldiers and mercenaries.

Key features and functions:

• Construction: Multiple layers of fabric (often linen or wool) were stitched together, sometimes with additional padding materials like cotton or horsehair. The stitching patterns often created a quilted or layered effect.
• Protection: The layered padding absorbed and dispersed the impact of blows, reducing the severity of injuries from weapons like swords, axes, and arrows. While not as effective as plate armor, it offered significant protection against cutting and blunt trauma.
• Comfort: Worn under plate armor, the gambeson provided a layer of cushioning, making the rigid metal armor more comfortable to wear for extended periods. It also absorbed sweat, preventing the armor from becoming soaked and uncomfortable.
• Affordability: Compared to metal armor, gambesons were relatively inexpensive to produce, making them accessible to a wider range of individuals.
• Versatility: Gambesons could be tailored to fit specific armor designs and body shapes, ensuring a snug and comfortable fit. Different styles and thicknesses were available, depending on the level of protection required.
• Historical Usage: Gambesons were used extensively throughout medieval Europe and other parts of the world, particularly from the 13th to 16th centuries. They were a staple piece of military%20equipment.
• Weaknesses: While providing good protection against cuts and blunt force, gambesons offered limited defense against piercing attacks from arrows or thrusting weapons, especially without additional armor. Also, if poorly maintained they could become moldy and uncomfortable.

The gambeson was an essential piece of equipment for warriors of many social standings, offering a balance of protection, comfort, and affordability on the medieval%20battlefield.