Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS), also known as hemorrhagic fever with nephropathy, is a disease caused by hantaviruses. It is characterized by acute fever, renal failure, and hemorrhage, and is endemic in various regions of the world, including Asia, Europe, and America. The virus is transmitted to humans through the inhalation of aerosolized rodent excreta or through direct contact with infected rodents or their excreta.
Symptoms usually appear within one to two weeks after exposure to the virus and can range from mild flu-like symptoms to severe and life-threatening disease. The severity of the symptoms depends on the specific strain of hantavirus causing the infection. Treatment typically involves supportive care, including hydration and monitoring of renal function, and in severe cases, antiviral therapy may be used.
Prevention measures include keeping rodent populations under control and avoiding contact with their excreta. People at risk of exposure to hantavirus should wear protective clothing and respiratory equipment, especially when cleaning up rodent infested areas. There is currently no licensed vaccine to protect against hantavirus infection.
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