Hippocampus is a seahorse-shaped structure located in the medial temporal lobe of the brain, that belongs to the limbic system. It is involved in the formation and consolidation of new memories, spatial navigation, and contextual learning. The hippocampus comprises subregions, including the dentate gyrus, CA1, CA2, CA3, and CA4 regions, that are interconnected and function together. The hippocampus receives inputs from the sensory and association cortex and sends efferent projections to the entorhinal cortex and other cortical and subcortical regions. The hippocampus is also susceptible to damage from various factors, such as stress, aging, and neurodegenerative diseases, which can result in memory impairment and other cognitive deficits.
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