What is interval?

In music theory, an interval refers to the distance between two pitches. It is a fundamental building block of melody and harmony. Intervals are measured in terms of the number of steps or half-steps between two notes. For example, the interval between C and E is a third because it consists of three letter names: C, D, E.

Intervals are categorized as either harmonic or melodic. A harmonic interval is when two notes are played at the same time, while a melodic interval is when the notes are played sequentially. Intervals can also be classified as consonant or dissonant, depending on how well they blend together. Consonant intervals are generally considered to be more pleasing to the ear, while dissonant intervals are more jarring.

The smallest interval in Western music is the half-step, which is equivalent to one piano key. The most commonly used intervals are the third, fourth, fifth, sixth, and octave. These intervals are the foundation of many chord progressions and melody lines. Different musical genres use intervals in different ways, and some even employ non-traditional intervals or microtones.