J-receptors or Juxtacapillary receptors are sensory nerve endings located in the alveolar walls of the lungs, close to the pulmonary capillaries. They are sensitive to changes in the lung's physical and chemical environment, such as changes in pulmonary blood volume, pressure, and lung expansion.
These receptors are activated by pulmonary congestion, such as when blood backs up into the lungs, or by changes in lung inflation. When activated, j-receptors send signals to the brainstem, which causes the sensation of dyspnea or shortness of breath.
J-receptors also play a crucial role in regulating ventilation during exercise, helping to increase ventilation when oxygen demand increases. They also contribute to the ventilatory response to high altitude, a condition in which the amount of oxygen in the air is reduced.
Overall, the j-receptors play an essential role in maintaining normal lung function and contribute to our ability to breathe properly in various conditions.
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