What is oyabun?

Oyabun (親分) is a Japanese term that literally translates to "parent role". It is used to describe the leader of a yakuza gang. The relationship between an Oyabun and Kobun (child role) is a hierarchical, quasi-familial bond based on loyalty and obedience. The oyabun is expected to provide for and protect their kobun, while the kobun are expected to serve and obey their oyabun without question.

The term is not exclusive to the yakuza; it can also be used in other contexts, such as construction crews or traditional arts groups, to denote a senior figure who mentors and guides younger members. However, it's most commonly associated with the yakuza and its complex organizational structure. The oyabun holds absolute authority within their gang and is responsible for all decisions, both strategic and operational. Succession is typically determined by the oyabun, often choosing a successor based on merit, loyalty, or even a formal adoption.