What is termoelectricidad?

Termoelectricidad is the branch of science and engineering that deals with the conversion of heat energy into electrical energy and vice versa. It is based on the Seebeck effect, according to which a voltage difference is generated between two different materials when a temperature gradient is applied across them. This phenomenon is used in thermoelectric generators (TEGs) and thermoelectric coolers (TECs) to produce electrical power or cooling respectively.

TEGs can be used in a variety of applications, from powering remote sensors and devices to generating power in spacecraft. TECs, on the other hand, are used in refrigeration and cooling systems, such as in portable fridges or for cooling electronic components.

The efficiency of thermoelectric materials is measured by their thermoelectric figure-of-merit (ZT), which is a function of their electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity and the Seebeck coefficient. Research is ongoing to improve the ZT of thermoelectric materials to make them more efficient.

Overall, termoelectricidad is a promising technology for sustainable energy generation and efficient cooling applications.