What is vivianite?

Vivianite is a mineral that is classified as a hydrated iron phosphate. It typically forms as a secondary mineral in oxidized iron ore deposits and is commonly found in association with pyrite and other iron sulfides.

Vivianite is named after the mineralogist John Henry Vivian, and it has a characteristic blue to blue-green color, although it can also appear colorless, yellow, or gray. It has a Mohs hardness of 1.5 to 2, making it a relatively soft mineral.

Vivianite has a monoclinic crystal structure and typically forms as prismatic crystals or in radiating aggregates. It is commonly found in sedimentary rocks, such as shale, and in hydrothermal veins. It is also known for its distinctive ability to lose its color upon exposure to light, turning from blue to white.

In addition to its aesthetic appeal, vivianite has industrial applications as a source of iron and phosphate. However, it is not widely used in industry due to its low hardness and susceptibility to degradation.

Overall, vivianite is a unique and attractive mineral with interesting properties and geological significance.