What is bunkai?

Bunkai is a term used in traditional martial arts, specifically in the context of kata (forms), to refer to the practical application of the techniques and movements within the kata. Bunkai involves breaking down the kata into individual techniques and interpreting them as self-defense applications. This process typically includes analyzing the kata's movements and applying them against a hypothetical opponent in a realistic scenario. The aim of bunkai is to deepen understanding of the techniques within the kata and enhance practical martial arts skill by introducing real-life application. Bunkai can be a contentious topic in traditional martial arts, as interpretations of the same kata can differ widely depending on the style, teacher, and individual practitioner.