Cholera is an acute diarrheal infection caused by the bacterium Vibrio cholerae. Symptoms include severe watery diarrhea, vomiting, and dehydration, which can lead to hypovolemic shock and death if left untreated. Cholera is commonly transmitted through contaminated water or food, particularly in areas with poor sanitation and hygiene practices. The disease is prevalent in many developing countries, particularly in areas affected by natural disasters, conflicts, or crowded living conditions. Treatment of cholera primarily involves rehydration therapy with oral rehydration salts or intravenous fluids, along with antibiotics to reduce the duration of symptoms and transmission. Prevention measures include improving sanitation and hygiene, ensuring safe water supply and food handling practices, and vaccination for high-risk populations.
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