What is mande?

Mande refers to a major West African cultural and linguistic group primarily associated with the descendants of the Mali Empire. They are known for their rich traditions, including elaborate oral histories, social structures, and artistic expressions.

Key aspects of Mande culture include:

• Language: The Mande languages form a distinct branch of the Niger-Congo language family. Prominent examples include <a href="https://www.wikiwhat.page/kavramlar/Bambara%20Language">Bambara Language</a>, Mandinka, Soninke, and Jula.
• Oral Tradition: Griots, or jali, are highly respected storytellers, genealogists, and musicians who preserve and transmit Mande history and culture through elaborate oral narratives, songs, and performances. They play a crucial role in maintaining cultural identity.
• Social Structure: Traditional Mande society is often hierarchical, with distinct social classes and roles. These can include nobles, commoners, artisans (such as blacksmiths and weavers), and descendants of enslaved people. The artisan castes are particularly significant, with blacksmiths (numu) often holding positions of power and respect due to their knowledge of metalworking and spiritual practices.
• The Mande Charter (Kurukan Fuga): This charter, proclaimed in 1236, is considered one of the oldest declarations of human rights and describes the political and social organization of the Mali Empire. It includes principles such as the abolition of slavery through raiding, freedom of expression, and the protection of women. Learn more about the <a href="https://www.wikiwhat.page/kavramlar/Kurukan%20Fuga">Kurukan Fuga</a>.
• Geographic Distribution: Mande peoples are primarily located in West Africa, including countries like Mali, Guinea, Senegal, Gambia, Ivory Coast, Burkina Faso, and Sierra Leone.