What is pookkaalam?

Pookkalam: A Floral Tapestry of Onam

Pookkalam, literally meaning "flower arrangement" in Malayalam, is an intricate and colourful arrangement of flowers used during the festival of Onam in Kerala, India. It is similar to Rangoli in North India and Kolam in Tamil Nadu.

Key Aspects of Pookkalam:

• Significance: Pookkalam welcomes King Mahabali, whose spirit is believed to visit Kerala during Onam. It symbolizes prosperity, joy, and harmony.
• Materials: Traditionally, Pookkalam is created using various types of flowers, both local and imported. Marigolds, chrysanthemums, roses, jasmine, and various other flowers are commonly used. Different coloured petals are carefully arranged to create intricate designs. Nowadays, some also use coloured powders or dyes to enhance the colours, though the traditional preference is for natural flower petals.
• Design: Pookkalam designs range from simple circular patterns to elaborate designs featuring deities, scenes from epics, or abstract art. Competitions for the best Pookkalam are common during Onam. The designs are usually based on traditional motifs and sometimes contemporary themes are incorporated too.
• Creation Process: Pookkalam creation is often a communal activity. Families, friends, and neighbours come together to collect flowers and create the design. The process starts with sketching the design on the ground and then carefully arranging the petals within the outline.
• Evolution: While traditional Pookkalam uses only natural flowers, modern interpretations may incorporate other materials like coloured powders, lamps, or even vegetables and fruits. The basic concept, however, remains the same: to create a beautiful and welcoming floral arrangement.
• Onam Celebrations: Pookkalam is an integral part of Onam festivities, adorning homes, temples, and public spaces. It is a visual representation of the festive spirit and the rich cultural heritage of Kerala.