What is qipao?

The qipao (旗袍), also known as the cheongsam (長衫/长衫), is a traditional Chinese dress that originated in the 17th century during the Qing Dynasty. Although originating from the Manchurian population, it gained immense popularity during the 1920s in Shanghai as a fashionable and modern dress for Chinese women.

Key features of the qipao include:

• High collar (mandarin collar): A defining element, typically stiff and standing upright.
• Slit skirt: The length and height of the slit have varied through different periods.
• Form-fitting silhouette: Designed to accentuate the body's curves.
• Side fastenings: Typically secured with decorative knotted buttons or clasps.
• Varied sleeves: Sleeves can be long, short, or even sleeveless, adapting to seasonal changes and fashion trends.

The qipao's fabric, color, and embroidery are highly variable, reflecting personal taste, social status, and occasion. Silk, brocade, and cotton are common fabrics. Colors and patterns often carry symbolic meanings. The qipao is still worn today, often for special occasions such as weddings and formal events, and continues to inspire contemporary fashion designers.