What is sheathing?

• Definition: Sheathing is the structural covering, usually wood panels, that is applied over studs, rafters, or joists of a building to create a surface for attaching roofing or siding. It provides structural support and a nailing base.
• Materials: Common materials include plywood, oriented strand board (OSB), and lumber. Newer options include cement fiberboards. The choice of material depends on cost, local building codes, and the specific performance requirements of the structure. You can get more information on sheathing materials.
• Functions:
  • Provides a flat surface for attaching exterior finishes.
  • Contributes to the structural rigidity of walls and roofs.
  • Helps to resist wind and seismic forces.
  • Offers a degree of insulation.
• Types:
  • Wall Sheathing: Applied to exterior walls to provide a nailing base for siding and improve racking resistance. Find out more about wall sheathing.
  • Roof Sheathing: Forms the base for roofing materials and distributes loads to the rafters or trusses. For detailed info check roof sheathing.
• Installation: Sheathing panels are typically fastened to framing members with nails or screws. Proper spacing and staggering of panels are important for optimal performance. Consult sheathing installation for guidance.
• Building Codes: Building codes specify the type and thickness of sheathing required for different applications, based on factors such as wind speed, seismic activity, and the type of exterior finish. Details on building codes for sheathing can be helpful.
• Benefits:
  • Increases the structural integrity of the building.
  • Provides a solid base for siding and roofing.
  • Improves energy efficiency.
• Common Issues:
  • Moisture damage leading to rot or mold.
  • Improper installation affecting structural performance.
  • Incorrect material selection for the climate or application.