What is turbulent?

Turbulent refers to a state of fluid flow characterized by chaotic, irregular, and unpredictable motion of fluid particles. It is caused by the formation of eddies and vortices in the fluid flow, which result in frequent changes in the direction and velocity of the fluid. Turbulent flow is different from laminar flow, which is characterized by smooth and regular movement of fluid particles. Turbulence can occur in various natural and human-made systems, such as oceans, atmosphere, rivers, pipelines, and jets. It is important to understand and model turbulent flow in order to optimize the design and performance of engineering systems.